Allah points out the proof of the
prophethood of Muhammad , whereby he told others about matters of the
past, and spoke about them as if he were hearing and seeing them for
himself. But he was an illiterate man who could not read books, and he
grew up among a people who knew nothing of such things. Similarly, Allah
told him about Maryam and her story, as Allah said:
(You were not with them, when they
cast lots with their pens as to which of them should be charged with the
care of Maryam; nor were you with them when they disputed) (3:44),
meaning, `you were not present then, but Allah has revealed this to
you.' Similarly, Allah told him about Nuh and his people, and how He
saved Nuh and drowned his people, then He said:
(This is of the news of the Unseen
which We reveal unto you ; neither you nor your people knew it before
this. So, be patient. Surely, the (good) end is for those who have
Taqwa) (11:49). And at the end of the same Surah (Hud) Allah says:
(That is some of the news of the
towns which We relate unto you) (11: 100). And here, after telling the
story of Musa from beginning to end and how Allah began His revelation
to him and spoke with him, Allah says:
(And you were not on the western side
(of the Mount), when We made clear to Musa the commandment,) meaning,
`you -- O Muhammad -- were not on the western side of the mountain where
Allah spoke to Musa from the tree which was to the east of it, in the
valley.'
﴿وَمَا كنتَ مِنَ الشَّـهِدِينَ﴾
(and you were not among the
witnesses.) `to that event, but Allah has revealed this to you,' so that
it may be evidence and proof of events which happened centuries ago,
for people have forgotten the evidence that Allah established against
them and what was revealed to the earlier Prophets.
(And you were not a dweller among the
people of Madyan, reciting Our Ayat to them.) meaning, `you were not
living among the people of Madyan reciting Our Ayat to them, when you
started to tell about Our Prophet Shu`ayb and what he said to his people
and how they responded.'
﴿وَلَكِنَّا كُنَّا مُرْسِلِينَ﴾
(But it is We Who kept sending. ) means, `but We revealed that to you and sent you to mankind as a Messenger.'
﴿وَمَا كُنْتَ بِجَانِبِ الطُّورِ إِذْ نَادَيْنَا﴾
(And you were not at the side of At-Tur when We called.) Qatadah said that:
﴿وَمَا كُنْتَ بِجَانِبِ الطُّورِ إِذْ نَادَيْنَا﴾
(And you were not at the side of At-Tur when We did call.) refers to Musa, and this -- and Allah knows best -- is like the Ayah:
(And you were not on the western side
(of the Mount), when We made clear to Musa the commandment,) Here Allah
puts it in a different and more specific way by describing it as a
call. This is like the Ayat:
﴿وَإِذْ نَادَى رَبُّكَ مُوسَى﴾
(And (remember) when your Lord called Musa) (26:10).
(And We called him from the right side of At-Tur, and made him draw near to Us for a talk with him) (19:52).
﴿وَلَـكِن رَّحْمَةً مِّن رَّبِّكَ﴾
(But (you are sent) as a mercy from
your Lord,) means, `you were not a witness to any of those things, but
Allah has revealed them to you and told you about them as a mercy from
Him to you and to His servants, by sending you to them,'
(to give warning to a people to whom
no warner had come before you, in order that they may remember or
receive admonition.) means, `so that they may be guided by that which
you bring from Allah.'
(And if (We had) not (sent you to the
people of Makkah) -- in case a calamity should seize them for (the
deeds) that their hands have sent forth, they would have said: "Our
Lord! Why did You not send us a Messenger) meaning: `and We have sent
you to them to establish proof against them, and to give them no excuse
when the punishment of Allah comes to them because of their disbelief,
lest they offer the excuse that no Messenger or warner came to them.'
This is like what Allah says about the situation after He revealed His
blessed Book the Qur'an:
(Lest you should say: "The Book was
sent down only to two sects before us, and for our part, we were in fact
unaware of what they studied.'' Or lest you should say: "If only the
Book had been sent down to us, we would surely have been better guided
than they.'' So, now has come unto you a clear proof from your Lord, and
a guidance and a mercy) (6:156-157).
(O People of the Scripture! Now has
come to you Our Messenger making (things) clear unto you, after a break
in (the series of) Messengers, lest you say: "There came unto us no
bringer of glad tidings and no warner.'' But now has come unto you a
bringer of glad tidings and a warner) (5:19). And there are many similar
Ayat.
(48. But when the truth has come to
them from Us, they say: "Why is he not given the like of what was given
to Musa Did they not disbelieve in that which was given to Musa of old''
They say: "Two kinds of magic, each helping the other!'' And they say:
"Verily, in both we are disbelievers.'' (49. Say: "Then bring a Book
from Allah, which is a better guide than these two, that I may follow
it, if you are truthful.'') (50. But if they answer you not, then know
that they only follow their own lusts. And who is more astray than one
who follows his own lusts, without guidance from Allah Verily, Allah
guides not the people who are wrongdoers.) (51. And indeed now We have
conveyed the Word to them, in order that they may remember.)
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